1. Adaptation of an Animal

This is a picture of a green lizard. The green lizard camouflaging into the green leaf is an example of an adaptation of an animal. Adaptations are special qualities of animals or plants that help them survive in a particular environment. Some adaptations of animals include flying, hibernating, migrating, camouflaging, and conserving fat and water. Camouflaging lowers its risk of being discovered by predators and increases its chances of finding prey. Although camouflage is a major component of survival for some animals, not all need it because they have their own specific way of adapting to the environment.

2. Adaptation of a Plant

This is a picture of a cactus. Cactus is an example of how plants adapt to their environment. Adaptations are special qualities of animals or plants that help them survive in a particular environment. Plant adaptations include color and structure. Because deserts only have an average rainfall of 10 inches, cacti need to learn to conserve water to last a whole year. The cactus has adapted its body to the environment in order to survive. Cacti have spines instead of leaves because spines do not lose water during evaporation. It also protects the cacti from predators. The reason why plants can only live in specific places is that if the plants lived somewhere else than they live now, their adaptations will make it very difficult for them to survive.

3. Amniotic Egg

 

 

Chicken egg shown in this picture is an example of an amniotic egg.  Amniotic eggs are shelled eggs that an embryo develops in. The chicken inside the pictured egg would develop inside until it is ready to hatch. In the egg, the amnion protects the embryo encased in a sac that is filled with amniotic fluid. Until it hatches, the embryo feeds off the yolk in the egg. The inside of the shell is composed of chorion, which helps get oxygen and carbon dioxide to the embryo inside. The outside of the egg is made up of a calcium carbonate shell, which protects it from harmful substances and allows it to submerge into water. It is produced by reptiles, birds, and egg-laying mammals.

4. Animal that has a Segmented Body

The ant in this picture has a segmented body. Animals with segmented bodies have a body that is sectioned out into parts along the length of the animals’ body. The ants’ bodies are segmented into three parts: a head, a thorax and an abdomen.

5. Anther and Filament of Stamen

This is a picture of an anther and a filament of a flower. Filaments comes out of the center of the flower and look like long rods. The anther of the flower sits on top of the filament and are usually a different color than the filament. In this flower, the filaments are white and the anthers are brown. The anther and the filament are both parts of the stamen and are both male parts of the flower. The anther is the part of the stamen where pollen is produced. The job of a filament is to get the anther as close to the top of the flower as possible so it will increase the possibility of pollen transfer.

6. Autotroph

This pink flower is an example of an autotroph. Autotrophs do not depend on other organisms to be their food source. These plants use light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals to make their own food and are called producers because of it. That process is called photosynthesis. Autotrophs change water in the soil and carbon dioxide in the air to make glucose.

7. Bilateral Symmetry

Organisms with bilateral symmetry have mirrored halves. If a line were to be drawn down the middle of their body, their right side of the body will look the same as the left. This is a picture of a dragonfly. It is a good example of bilateral symmetry because it is equivalent on both sides of its body.

8. Cuticle Layer of a Plant

The cuticle is a hydrophobic waxy layer that is coated on the leaf and the stem of almost all plants. It is made up of epidermal cells and plays an important role. This picture shows the cuticle layer on the plant. It appears shiny/waxy because of the wax in the cuticle. Due to it being made of polymer matrix, it acts like a barrier. The cuticle layer controls how much water enters and leaves the plant. There is a thicker cuticle layer at the top of the leaf than anywhere else because the top of the leaf needs protection from the sun.

9. Dominant vs. Recessive Phenotype

A phenotype is a physical appearance or an observable characteristic of an organism as the result of their genotype and their interaction with the environment. A dominant allele produces a dominant phenotype and the recessive allele produces a recessive phenotype. However, if a dominant allele is crossed with a recessive allele, the result will be a dominant phenotype because it surpasses the recessive allele. The brown eyes in the picture are the dominant phenotype and the blue eyes are the recessive phenotype. If brown eyes were crossed with blue eyes, it would result in brown eyes because it will dominate over the blue.

10. Ectotherm

Ectotherm usually refers to cold blooded organisms. They depend on the environment for body heat because they cannot regulate their own. When the environment’s temperature changes, so does the organism’s. If the environment experiences big temperature changes, the organism’s life can be in danger. The fish in the tank is cold blooded, so therefore their body temperature varies with the temperature of the water.

11. Epithelial Tissue

My hand is an example of epithelial tissue because it is covered with it. Epithelial tissue, also known as epithelium is sheets of body tissue that covers and lines the external and internal surface of the entire body. It is made up of tightly and densely packed cells. Epithelial tissue is categorized according to how many cell layers it has and the shape of the cells. The epithelial tissue helps my hands protect, sensate, excrete, diffuse, and absorb. Epithelial tissue is considered as avascular because it lacks blood vessels.

12. Exoskeleton

Exoskeleton is outer covering that protects and supports an animal’s body. The turtle in this picture has a shell which is an example of an exoskeleton. For turtles, their shell protects their inner organs such as muscles and other soft tissues. The exoskeleton also provides a measure of safety from predators. They can quickly dive into their shell when they sense danger.

13. Fermentation

Grapes turning into wine is an example of fermentation. Fermentation is a cellular process that does not require oxygen. It is changing carbohydrates into alcohols, carbon dioxide or organic acids using bacteria or yeast. Because grape skin contains natural bacteria and yeast, it is fermented with its skin. After the grapes have been made into grape juice, if it is put at the right temperature, then the yeast turns the sugar in the grape juice into alcohol and carbon dioxide. That is the process of grape fermentation.

14. Flower Ovary

The flower ovary is not pictured here but it is bulb shaped and located at the lowest part of the pistil. The ovary is a female part of the flower and contains one or more ovules, female eggs. It protects the ovules of the flower while the ovules develop into seeds. The ovary produces fruits after it has been fertilized.

15. Frond

Frond is a large leaf with many divisions. Ferns in this picture is a good example of frond because its leaves have many divisions within it. Fronds usually refer to ferns, but it can also describe cycads and palms. The stalk of the fern is called the stripe and where the individual leaves are located is called the rachis. The blades of ferns can be classified into being simple, pinnatifid, or pinnate. Ferns reproduce with spores that are under their leaves.

16. Genetically Modified Organism

Rice in this picture is an example of a genetically modified organism. Genetically modified organisms are organisms that had their genes adjusted by scientists for a specific purpose. That purpose might include disease resistance, increased productivity, or nutritional value, or simply to improve the looks of an organism. Rice has been genetically modified to increase nutritional value. Because the element beta-carotene is in the genetically modified rice, we consume more vitamin A when we eat it.

17. Gymnosperm Cone- Male or Female

This is a picture of a pinecone. Pinecones are good examples of gymnosperm cones. Gymnosperm cones are seeds that do not produce fruits or flowers and that are not encased in an ovary. On pine trees, male cones are usually smaller and located at the tree tops, while the female cones are usually larger and found farther down. The female cones are bigger because they make the seeds but the male cones only produce pollen. The male cones above will release the pollen and it will stick on the female cones down below. After it has been fertilized, the zygote will grow an embryo that is inside a seed. Then the female releases the seed.

18. Heterotrophy

This dog in the picture is an example of a heterotroph. Heterotrophs cannot produce their own food and depend on other organisms as their form of nutrition. Heterotrophs are called consumers. Dogs do not produce their own food unlike plants, but get their source of energy from the food that we humans provide them.

19. Homeostasis

Homeostasis is when organisms regulate their internal conditions to adjust to the changing environment. The hamster in this picture is demonstrating homeostasis by drinking water. There are many reasons why we humans and animals need to drink water to adjust to our surroundings. For example, after the hamster runs on the wheel, it will get very sweaty and excrete salt and water. To maintain the right water level for its body, it needs to drink water to refill the amount lost. The amount lost has to balance with the amount taken. The results are bad if our bodies have too much or too little water. Another reason to drink water to maintain homeostasis is our sodium level. For example, if the hamster ate something that was high in sodium, its body will demand water because the sodium level has exceeded normal standards.

20. Long-Day Plant

This is a picture of lettuce growing in my backyard. Lettuce is an example of a long day plant. Long day plants grow usually in late spring or early summer and need little time in darkness and more than 12 hours of sunlight a day. They only bloom if they have enough hours of sunlight. Lettuce for example needs at least 12-14 hours of sunlight each day to grow efficiently.

21. Population

Population is a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area at the same time and interbreed. Populations can rapidly increase if resources and environmental surroundings meet their needs. The group of fish in this picture is an example of population. They are the same species, live in the same tank and would have traveled in groups if they were in the ocean. The fish depend on the same resource and are influenced by the same factors in the environment.

22. R-Strategist

The weeds in this picture are examples of r-strategist plants. Characteristics of any r-strategists are that they have a high production rate, short lifespan, rapid development, and do not need parental care. Weeds definitely disperse and grow quickly in our yards in big numbers, but also die out quickly. They grow perfectly fine without our attention which proves they do not need parental care.

23. Radial Symmetry

This is a picture of a starfish. It is an example of radial symmetry. Radial symmetry is a body pattern that repeats around the center. The starfish has a central axis and the same pattern repeats around it.

24. Spore

This is a picture of spores on ferns. Spores are located under the leaves of ferns. They are reproductive cells that do not need the help of another cell to become a gametophyte. There are more than 15,000 different species of ferns and they all use spores to help them reproduce. Spores are the products of meiosis in sporophytes. The spores in this picture are distributed to other areas by wind, water, or other natural forces.

25. Stigma and Style of Carpel

 

 

 

The stigma and style of carpel is not shown in this picture but it is located inside the center of the flower. They are both parts of the pistil, which is a female part. The style is the long tube like structure that is connected to the ovary of the flower. It is the connective tissue of stigma and the ovary. The stigma is a sticky, flattened knob attached on the top of the style. Pollen grains land on the sticky stigma and germinate. When it germinates, it creates pollen tubes then travels down the style into the ovary. Fertilization occurs in the ovary after the pollen reaches it.